Aspergers Syndrome

Children diagnosed with Aspergers Syndrome are often described as having "high functioning autism.” Aspergers Syndrome is distinguished from the other Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) in having no general delay in language or cognitive development. In the 1990s, specific diagnostic criteria for Asperger's Syndrome were included in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV, 1994). According to the DSM, children with Asperger's Syndrome have:

• Impaired social interaction
• Impaired social communication
• Impaired social imagination, flexible thinking and imaginative play
• Absence of a significant delay in cognitive development
• Absence of a general delay in language development

The ideal treatment for AS coordinates therapies that address the three core symptoms of the disorder: poor communication skills, obsessive or repetitive routines, and physical clumsiness. There is no single best treatment package for all children with Aspergers Syndrome, but most professionals agree that the earlier the intervention, the better.

An effective treatment program builds on the child’s interests, offers a predictable schedule, teaches tasks as a series of simple steps, actively engages the child’s attention in highly structured activities, and provides regular reinforcement of behavior. It may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, medication for co-existing conditions, and other measures.

What is the prognosis?

With effective treatment, children with Aspergers Syndrome can learn to cope with their challenges, but they may still find social situations and personal relationships difficult. Many adults with Aspergers Syndrome become successful in mainstream jobs, although they may continue to need encouragement and moral support to maintain an independent life.

Need help and don’t know where to start visit the Autism Society’s Information & Referral Service.

Find an Autism Society of America Chapter near you.